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blood squirt
Blood squirt (blood spurt, blood spray, blood gush, or blood jet) is the effect when an artery, a blood vessel in the human body (or other organism's body) is cut. Blood pressure causes the blood to bleed out at a rapid, intermittent rate, in a spray, squirt, gush or jet, coinciding with the beating of the heart, rather than the slower, but steady flow of venous bleeding. Also known as arterial bleeding, arterial spurting, or arterial gushing, the amount of blood loss can be copious, occur very rapidly,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=U.S. Navy Standard First Aid Manual, Chapter 3 (online) )〕 and can lead to death.
==Anatomy==
In cut carotid arteries with 100 mL of blood through the heart at each beat (at 65 beats a minute), a completely severed artery will spurt blood for about 30 seconds and the blood will not spurt much higher than the human head. If the artery is just nicked, on the other hand, the blood will spurt longer but will be coming out under pressure and spraying much further.〔("How writers fill in all the gory details" ), Humphrey Evans, ''The Guardian'', 22 July 2004, retrieved 17 March 2010〕
To prevent hand ischemia, there is a "squirt test" that involves squirting blood from the radial artery, which is used in intraoperative assessment of collateral arm blood flow before radial artery harvest.〔(Intraoperative confirmation of ulnar collateral blood flow during radial artery harvesting using the "squirt test" ), Inderpaul Birdi and Andrew J. Ritchie of Papworth Hospital, ''The Annals of Thoracic Surgery'' at CTSNet, 2002〕
In 1933, a murder trial prompted a testimony from Dr. Clement Harrisse Arnold about how far blood could spurt from the neck: 6 inches (ca. 15 cm) vertically and 18 inches (ca. 46 cm) laterally.〔("Medicine: Blood Spurt" ), ''Time Magazine'', 8 April 1935, retrieved 17 March 2010〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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